Molecular Formula and Simplest Formula Example Problem

The molecular formula of a compound lists all the elements and the number of atoms of each element  that actually make up the compound. The simplest formula is similar where elements are all listed, but the numbers correspond to the ratios between the elements.  This worked example problem demonstrates how to use the simplest formula of a compound and its molecular mass to find the molecular formula. Molecular Formula from Simplest Formula Problem The simplest formula for vitamin C is C3H4O3. Experimental data indicates that the molecular mass of vitamin C is about 180. What is the molecular formula of vitamin C?SolutionFirst, calculate the sum of the atomic masses for C3H4O3. Look up the atomic masses for the elements from the Periodic Table. The atomic masses are found to be:H is 1.01C is 12.01O is 16.00Plugging in these numbers, the sum of the atomic masses for C3H4O3 is:3(12.0) 4(1.0) 3(16.0) 88.0This means the formula mass of vitamin C is 88.0. Compare the formula mass (88.0) to the approximate molecular mass (180). The molecular mass is twice the formula mass (180/88 2.0), so the simplest formula must be multiplied by 2 to get the molecular formula:molecular formula vitamin C 2 x C3H4O3 C6H8O6AnswerC6H8O6 Tips for Working Problems An approximate molecular mass is usually sufficient to determine the formula mass, but the calculations tend not to work out even as in this example. You are looking for the closest whole number to multiply by the formula mass to get the molecular mass. If you see that the ratio between formula mass and molecular mass is 2.5, you might be looking at a ratio of 2 or 3, but its more likely youll need to multiply the formula mass by 5. Theres often some trial and error in getting the correct answer. Its a good idea to check your answer by doing the math (sometimes more than one way) to see which value is closest. If youre using experimental data, there will be some error in your molecular mass calculation. Usually compounds assigned in a lab setting will have ratios of 2 or 3, not high numbers like 5, 6, 8, or 10 (although these values are also possible, especially in a college lab or real world setting). Its worth pointing out, while chemistry problems are worked using molecular and simplest formulas, real compounds dont always follow the rules. Atoms may share electrons such that ratios of 1.5 (for example) occur. However, use whole number ratios for chemistry homework problems! Determining the Molecular Formula From Simplest Formula Formula ProblemThe simplest formula for butane is C2H5  and its molecular mass is about 60. What is the  molecular formula  of butane?SolutionFirst, calculate the sum of the atomic masses for C2H5. Look up the  atomic masses  for the elements from the  Periodic Table. The atomic masses are found to be:H is 1.01C is 12.01Plugging in these numbers, the sum of the atomic masses for C2H5  is:2(12.0) 5(1.0) 29.0This means the formula mass of butane is 29.0. Compare the formula mass (29.0) to the approximate  molecular mass  (60). The molecular mass is  essentially  twice  the formula mass  (60/29 2.1),  so the simplest formula  must be multiplied by 2 to get the molecular formula:molecular formula of butane 2 x C2H5   C4H10AnswerThe molecular formula for butane is C4H10.

American History Bloodiest Battle of the Civil War in...

South Carolina was an important key player during the Civil War. South Carolina had major military and political importance throughout the Civil War. South Carolina was the battleground of many significant events during this time. Such as the capture of Port Royal, the Union blockade of Charleston, Shermans march through the state, the burning of Columbia, and Fort Sumter. South Carolina had many important battles fought on its territory, Fort Sumter. Fort Sumter is an island in the Charleston Harbor, its main purpose for being built was to protect the harbor. The Confederacy felt like the Charleston harbor would be a key port in this area. When the first shots were fired, at Fort Sumter, by the Confederate soldiers this began one of†¦show more content†¦His crew guarded the coast not letting any cargo ships pass into the harbor. Teach went to the Charleston people and asked if he could us there medicine to heal his crew, they refused. He knew Charleston was very big port ci ty, and he and his crew invaded all coming cargo ships. All the crew from the cargo ships were held hostage by Teach and his crew, until the Charleston people agreed to give them the medicine they needed. The people of Charleston would not give into Teachs demands until he threatened that he would kill the hostages. The people then gave in and gave Teach and his crew the medicine and supplies they needed. After Teach had given his troops the medicine the needed they left the harbor and retreated from the coast. William Tecumseh Sherman was the general of the Union troops in 1864. Shermans march through South Carolina began in January of 1865. He was the leader of an unforgettable march through the southern states. The march was called the march of the sea it was across Georgia to Savannah and then they moved upward into South Carolina. He and his troops traveled up the coast through the Carolinas stealing, food and livestock on a 100 miles worth of land, and when the people would fi ght back Sherman’s troops would burn the homes or other buildings. Sherman led his march all through these states leaving nothing but destruction and left the Confederacy in despair over there destroyed towns. The march left a lastingShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln And The Civil War1283 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Civil War was the bloodiest war in American history, and the impact was felt on many levels. Various estimates put the deaths during the Civil War at between 600,000 and 700,000. The last figure is the result of better research of existing death records and casualty lists (Isenhour). In order to understand the complexity of the Civil War, one must understand Abraham Lincoln. Abraham Lincoln was elected in 1860 (History 1). He was elected as the 16th president (History 1). 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Understanding Marriage and Families across Time and Place free essay sample

Family the cell (small social group) of society, the most important form of organization of personal life, based on a conjugal union and kinship ties, i.e. relations between husband and wife, parents and children, brothers and sisters, and other relatives living together and leading a common economy on the basis of a single family budget. Family life is characterized by material and spiritual processes. Through the family, generations of people change, in it a person is born, through which the family continues family, its forms and functions directly depend on social relations in general, and also on the level of cultural development of society. Naturally, the higher the culture of society, hence the higher the culture of the family. The family as the primary cell is the educational cradle of humanity. The family mainly brings up children. In the family, the child receives the first labor skills. He develops the ability to appreciate and respect the work of people, where he acquires the experience of caring for parents, relatives, and friends, learns reasonable consumption of various material goods, accumulates experience of communication with money. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding Marriage and Families across Time and Place or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The best example is the example of parents. In most cases, children are the reflection of parents. The role of the family in society is incomparable in its power with no other social institutions, since it is in the family that the personality of a person is formed and develops, the social roles necessary for the childs painless adaptation in society are mastered. The family acts as the first educational institution, the connection with which a person feels throughout his life. Statistics show that the transition to a market-based management system had a very painful effect on the familys status as a social institution. Demographers record a catastrophic fall in the birth rate, sociologists note an increase in the number of antisocial families and predict a decline in the standard of living, a decline in the moral foundations of family upbringing. In all ages, the family has felt the need to receive support in the upbringing of their children. History shows that when people lived in large families, the necessary knowledge and skills of the family life of family life were transmitted from generation to generation naturally and every day. In a modern industrial society, when family ties between generations are violated, the transfer of the necessary knowledge about the formation of a family and the upbringing of children becomes one of the most important concerns of society.

Project Schedule and Budget

Admittedly, the modern competitive world makes companies reduce budgets. Companies have to develop products in less time using fewer resources (Project Management Institute, 2011). Different companies address these problems differently.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Schedule and Budget specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Agere Systems made several successful decisions that enabled the company reduce budgets significantly (Marchewka, 2009). One of these decisions was to involve the business units. Thus, Agere managed to obtain comprehensive information from various departments which enabled them to prioritize projects. This, in its turn, led to proper allocation of resources both financial and human resources. It is important to note that the tools used to develop proper plans could not meet an important requirement. The tools could not prioritize projects, which was extremely important in terms of budget t ightening. Executives could not make proper decisions as they did not see the complete picture. However, involvement of business units enabled the executives to obtain the necessary information. Such integration also enabled unites to share responsibilities concerning IT portfolio. This positively affected project management in the company. Business unites could provide comprehensive information on on-going projects. Every project could be analyzed in terms of its efficiency and cost. Basically, this information is enough when prioritizing projects. It is important to note that involvement of business units was also an effective strategy as these units could be more precise when developing their projects. Thus, every unit tried to make projects efficient. Every project was also analyzed in terms of its â€Å"fitness† to the company’s objectives. This precision contributed greatly to the quality of project management in the company. Many researchers claim that using a p roject management software tool is beneficial in many cases (Marchewka, 2009; Project Management Institute, 2011; Schwalbe, 2010; Wysocki, 2011). Such tools can help project managers develop a thorough plan on the basis of some information. Admittedly, these tools save a lot of time as project managers should simply key in certain information.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, when it comes to some project which is not crucial for the company or the projects which do not involve many stages, project management software tools are irreplaceable (Schwalbe, 2010). These tools can help project managers to create a proper plan in a short period of time. It is also important to note that this can help project managers to focus on more important projects. However, when it comes to more difficult projects, i.e. projects which require analysis of considerable amount of data and pr ioritizing, project management software tools cannot be enough. Thus, Wysocki (2011) claims that it can be more effective to use more conventional tools like discussions or even moving â€Å"sticky notes across a whiteboard† (p. 154). In fact, when tackling voluminous projects, it can be effective to combine the two types of project management tools (software and manual). It is also important to note that project managers should be really precise when using software tools. For instance, Schwalbe (2010) provides several examples when project managers made mistakes which led to poor projects. It is essential to key in all the necessary data and to reveal ties between different stages and minor projects (Schwalbe, 2010). It is also necessary to check on the plan provided. It can be effective to launch some sort of discussion involving executives, units’ representatives, and project management specialists. Thus, it is important to choose the most appropriate strategies and tools when developing important projects. Reference List Marchewka, J.T. (2009). Information technology project management. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Project Management Institute. (2011). A guide to the project management body of knowledge. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute. Schwalbe, K. (2010). A guide to the project management body of knowledge. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Project Schedule and Budget specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Wysocki, R.K. (2011). Effective project management: Traditional, agile, extreme. Indianapolis, IN: John Wiley Sons. This essay on Project Schedule and Budget was written and submitted by user Charlie Holder to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.